Friday, September 11, 2015

It’s not just people with hearing loss that have a tough time enjoying conversation in noisy restaurants.

Certainly, folks who don’t hear well have an especially difficult time hearing conversation when the sound level is high, but even those with perfect hearing find it a strain to hear and be heard when the acoustic environment is noisy and reverberant.

The tide may be turning.  In the past, it seemed to be a badge of “cool” for a restaurant to have a sonic pandemonium that spilled out into the street.  But, as reported this week in the New York Times, restaurant architects are listening to customers’ requests, and with their greater understanding of acoustics, are creating listening environments that allow conversation to take place more comfortably.

They are creating the soundscape that they want.  They have found that if the sounds are too muffled, then every spoon clink may be a distraction.  But, as is more often the case, if the sounds are amplified by lots of hard reflective surfaces, then comfortable conversation is impossible.

Restaurant designers have become more precise and scientific, working to create areas of talk at each table without losing the sound sensation of activity that makes to room feel alive.  There needs to be a balance of soft and hard components, and the right mix of bass and treble.

One New York architect describes it like this:  “You want to amplify the good noise and reduce the bad noise.”  He describes bad noise as the tinny high-pitched squall that moves through the restaurant.  Good noise is not just the audible conversation at each table, but the pulse of excitement from the front and back of the room.  Conversation should be easily audible but there can still be a “buzz.”  The idea is to make it a really comfortable acoustic environment.

How is this goal attained?  In a variety of very high-tech and very low-tech ways – ranging from combining specific sound absorbing materials in strategic places with visually pleasing but more reflective materials, to sound systems that place tiny microphones and speakers throughout the restaurant with software that then controls the noise levels, to instructing the staff not to clink the forks when placing them on the table.

So – if you have a hearing loss, live with someone who does, or, just are tired of yelling during your dinner date, choose a restaurant that has been thoughtfully designed.

Friday, September 4, 2015

Balance in Older Adults May Improve with Hearing Aid Use

A small study published in the well-respected journal Laryngoscope suggests that older people with hearing loss may have better balance when they use their hearing aids.  This supports the idea that treating hearing loss may help decrease the risk of falls.

In this study 14 adults (aged 65 and up) were given standard balance tests both with and without their hearing aids on. Patients performed better on the balance tests with their hearing aids on.  This is the first study to demonstrate that sound information contributes to maintaining the body’s stability, and suggests that use of amplification may reduce the risks of falls in older people.

Lead researcher Dr. Timothy Hullar believes that not only do the hearing aids increase alertness, but the participants were using the sounds coming through their hearing aids as auditory landmarks to help maintain balance.
 
Judy Rasin
We know that people sway more when they try to balance in a darkened room. Our eyes help to orient us in space. The more information we take in through our hearing and vision senses, the better able we are to keep balanced.

Dr. Hullar notes that the results are statistically significant even though there were not many people in the study.  He plans to replicate the study with a larger group of people. Meanwhile, we think these results are exciting. Reducing the risk of falls while at the same time enhancing communication ability is a win-win benefit. 

Judy Rasin is a licensed New York State Audiologist and hearing aid dispenser at The Hearing Center at Pelham. You can contact Judy at (718) 822-4100 or visit their website

How Does the Brain Respond to Hearing Loss?

Did you know that our brains are continually reorganizing themselves?  Our brains grow and prune their connections as a result of our experiences.  This is called neuroplasticity.

Sometimes this is helpful – about 15 years ago researchers in England found that taxi drivers, who are required to memorize the entire street map of London, actually expanded their hippocampus – a part of the brain involved with memory.

Recently, researchers at the University of Colorado have found that the brain areas devoted to hearing can become reorganized – reassigned to other functions - with even mild hearing loss.  They discovered that areas in the brain that process visual information can take over brain areas which normally process sound.

So, if there is a decrease of stimulation coming in through the ears, the corresponding brain areas that process sound may be “reassigned” to handle stimulation coming in through the eyes.  This is called “cross-modal” cortical reorganization and reflects how the brain actively responds to changes in the environment.

Judy Rasin
The group's work suggests that the portion of the brain used for hearing can become reorganized, even in earliest stages of age-related hearing loss.  These compensatory changes increase the overall workload on the brains of aging adults.

"One in three adults over the age of 60 has age-related hearing loss," researcher Anu Sharma noted. "Given that even small degrees of hearing loss can cause secondary changes in the brain, hearing screenings for adults and intervention in the form of hearing aids should be considered much earlier to protect against reorganization of the brain."

Further studies will be needed to determine if use of hearing aids will prevent cortical reorganization.  Stay tuned!  But it is logical to think that if the auditory parts of the brain continue to receive lots of sound stimulation, the corresponding brain areas will keep active as well.  Use it, so you don’t lose it!

Judy Rasin is a licensed New York State Audiologist and hearing aid dispenser at The Hearing Center at Pelham. You can contact Judy at (718) 822-4100 or visit their website .